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Postpartum Depression
Having a baby is a happy exciting experience, or it should be. When a woman feels depressed after giving birth its something to be concerned about. After having a baby it is normal for a woman to experience mood swings. One minute they are happy the next they’re crying. They may also experience loss of appetite, difficulty sleeping or concentrating or may feel a little depressed. This depression is brief and not severe. 50% to 80% of all new mothers experience this feeling of letdown after the emotionally charged experience of birth. Maternity blues also known as the “Baby blues” can start from two to four days after childbirth. The blues usually last no longer than ten to twelve days. However, some women have worse symptoms and they don’t go away. This is known as postpartum depression (PPD). PPD is defined as mild to moderately severe depression that begins within three months following childbirth. PPD can last anywhere from two months to about one year.
At least 1 in 10 new mothers experiences various degrees of postpartum depression. Some symptoms of PPD include loss of interest or pleasure in life, loss of appetite, less energy and motivation to do things, a hard time falling asleep or staying asleep, sleeping more than usual, increased crying or tearfulness, feeling worthless hopeless or overly guilty, feeling restless irritable or anxious, unexplained weight gain or loss, having thoughts about hurting yourself, and worrying about hurting your baby.
Some women have a higher risk to having postpartum depression than others. Although it is not possible to characterize an individual women will have postpartum depression it is possible to recognize risk factors in pregnant women. One way to detect postpartum depression is to study a woman’s emotions during pregnancy. Women who are happiest in the later months of pregnancy but suffered from mood swings and anxiety earlier in the pregnancy suffered from postpartum depression. Hormonal changes in a womans body may trigger its symptoms. During pregnancy, the amount of two female hormones, estrogen and progesterone, increase greatly. In the first 4 hours after childbirth, the amount of these hormones rapidly drops and keeps dropping to the amount they were before the woman became pregnant. Researchers think these changes in hormones may lead to depression, just as smaller changes in hormones can affect a womans moods before she gets her menstrual period. Thyroid levels may also drop sharply after giving birth. The thyroid is a small gland in the neck that helps to regulate how your body uses and stores energy from foods eaten. Low thyroid levels can cause symptoms that can feel like depression, such as mood swings, fatigue, agitation, insomnia, and anxiety. A simple thyroid test can tell if this condition is causing a womans PPD. If so, thyroid medication can be prescribed by a health care provider. Research is being done to find out about other biological and social problems that may be involved. The brain chemistry of postpartum depression is similar to abnormalities that researchers believe are present in other types of depression. This view is supported by the fact that postpartum depression occurs more often in women who have had depressions at other times or have close relatives with depression, where there may be a hereditary factor. If a woman has been depressed at any other time in her life, her risk of developing a postpartum depression also increases, from about 10% to 5%. Women with bipolar disorder are also at very high risk. Also if a woman has had PPD before, it is very likely she will have it after every birth. I also believe that sleep deprivation might have a significant role in PPD.
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Another way to detect postpartum depression is by looking at the relationship between the mother and her spouse or other family members. Women who don’t have strong healthy relationships are more likely to have postpartum depression. If you don’t have someone to talk to and depend on its easy to fall into depression. It’s hard enough to make it work in a healthy relationship. So women need supportive relationships. Women who become depressed tend to see their husband as unsupportive. Therefore, educating new parents about the importance of supporting one another may reduce the risk of depression. Groups where new mothers can discuss their feelings are also helpful.
Emotions aren’t an easy thing to deal with postpartum and a lot of women feel like they need to be super mom. Trying to take on all the responsibility alone is impossible and emotionally destructive. Women need a support group of friends and family and a healthy relationship with her husband. Family members and friends must be present and aware of postpartum depression and the symptoms. Postpartum depression have major emotional psychological symptoms that include symptoms run from those of the blues to more serious symptoms of psychosis and should be recognized and treated immediately.
Postpartum psychosis (PPP) is a very serious mental illness that can affect new mothers. 1 to out of 1000 women may experience PPP. This illness can happen quickly. Often within the first months after childbirth. Women can lose touch with reality often having auditory hallucinations, and delusions. Visual hallucinations are less common. Other symptoms include insomnia, feeling agitated, and angry, and strange feelings and behaviors. Women who have postpartum psychosis need treatment right away and almost always need medication. Sometimes women are put into the hospital because they are at risk for hurting themselves or someone else. The Andrea Yates case was an example of postpartum psychosis
Postpartum depression is like diabetes or heart disease it can be treated with
support systems and meds such as anti-depressants, SSRI’s, and hormone replacement therapy. If a woman has very severe symptoms of Postpartum Psychosis, the doctor may use Electroconvulsive therapy as an alternative to consider if a mother does not respond to medication or is breast-feeding and wants to avoid medication.
One big thing is to ease stress in your life you can do this by accepting all offers. If someone offers to bring over dinner or come clean your house accept the offer don’t feel embarrassed that you can’t control your own life. If you have older children involve them too. Ask them to change the baby or get you a drink of water or getting a toy for the baby. This makes them feel involved and important. Get plenty of rest whenever you can if the baby is sleeping you sleep too don’t worry about the little things that need to be done. You can do the tidying while the baby is awake. Remember to share your worries, talk with your partner, health care professional or a friend. Just remembering to relax is a big help. It is hard for women to determine whether the have PPD or not or maybe they are ashamed to admit it but it can be treated and people are willing to listen and help
Sources
Ø Womensmentalhealth.org
Ø Orgyn.com
Ø Depressionafterdelivery.com
Ø Post-Partum-Depression.com
Ø National Institute of Mental Health-nimh.nih.gov
Ø Webmd.com
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