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“Plato’s Concept of the Just Man and Erikson’s Ego Integrity”
Plato’s Concept of the Just Man and Erikson’s Ego Integrity are similar and different in several
ways. Both concepts feel that the inner harmony of the self must be integrated with a
proper order of society before a truly good life can be achieved. In addition, this idea of
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self-fulfillment is achieved through the balance of the mind. They are different because Plato believes that becoming a ‘just man’ doesn’t have to involve a lifetime process because until you realize where you belong within the three parts of the soul, reason, bravado, and lust, and are content with where you stand, you are labeled as ‘just’. Erikson feels that this involves a lifetime process because through all the experiences we go through in life do we mature and hence become ‘just’.
According to Erikson’s Eight Stages of Man, he views human development in
terms of the accomplishment of a series of age-related socialization tasks. Each individual,
in order to become a mature adult, must develop all the ego qualities mentioned and
recognize the final state of integrity. In old age, those who have lived the entire cycle of
life may well achieve an inner harmony. This entire concept is similar to what Plato calls
wisdom.
In order to accomplish this harmony, the mind must be balanced. As Plato’s three
elements of the mind include reason, bravado, and lust, Erikson’s elements of the mind
include the id, ego, and superego. Just like Plato who believes reason is the intellect of all
three, Erikson’s gives preeminence to the ego regarding it as an autonomous part of the
personality. Our reason/ego must rule, governing the spirited element and directing its
aggression in wise, nondestructive ways. Though reason and the id are the intellects and
most rational parts of the mind, all three parts must be balanced in order to be free.
In order to keep the mind in balance, society must be involved. Both Erikson and
Plato believe that culture and impact of historical and social forces is essential in
maintaining a balanced mind. Erikson’s Concept of Ego Integrity as well as Plato’s
Concept of the Just Man deal with a “postnarcissistic love for the human ego-not of the
self-as an experience which conveys some world order and spiritual sense, no matter how
dearly paid for” (Erikson 18). Hence, The process of self-evaluation is possible only
through interaction with others because experience with others allows us to grow and
mature. To elucidate, a relationship is important because it only works through trust.
Thus, if we desire to have a relationship with someone, we must learn to trust ourselves
first since we certainly cannot give something we don’t have. This step allows us to
mature because we learn to trust ourselves. Hence, our environment is important in
keeping our minds balanced.
Plato and Erikson also differ when it comes to dealing with the issue concerning the amount of involvement with society needed in order to keep a balanced mind. Plato relates the tripartate soul, reason, bravado, lust, with interaction to society. He feels that there are people who are innately more reasonable than others thus the few who should rule the world, those who innately have a bravado thus born to be soldiers, and those who have a lot of libidinal energies such as constructors and painters. The just man knows his place among the three parts of the soul. He knows his strengths and weaknesses, and he is also content with the work that he does. Erikson does not believe in this concept because he believes in order to become ‘just’, it involves the entire lifetime, meaning you can’t just wake up one day and realize that you’re a ‘just man’. Instead, it involves a lifetime process and the experiences and obstacles you overcome are difficult, but it is the token to maturity and hence becoming wise.
Plato’s Concept of the Just Man and Erikson’s Ego Integrity are similar yet different in
various ways. Both Erikson and Plato believe that in order to achieve harmony, our
minds must be balanced- our reason/id being the rulers of our mind. Both Erikson
and Plato equal in believing that the inner harmony of the self must be integrated with a
proper order of society before a truly good life can be achieved. The experiences we
overcome allow us to grow hence attain wisdom. Where they differ is the idea that Plato believes one can become a ‘just man’ once he realizes his place in life by applying the tripartate soul reason, bravado, and lust. Once you realize which of these parts you belong to and are content with it, you are labeled as a ‘just man’. Erikson’s concept is different because he feels you can’t just wake up one day and realize you’re ‘just’. It involves a lifetime process and the experiences you overcome leads you to maturity and wisdom.
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